The present study, focusing on the role and position of women within the family institution—particularly in the context of marital relationships—is grounded in the premise that the effective fulfillment of family roles by women requires their sustained psychological well-being. In Islamic teachings, especially in the Holy Quran, the mental and spiritual health of women holds a distinct status, and numerous practical teachings and propositions have been offered to strengthen and maintain their psychological equilibrium within the family sphere. Employing a descriptive-analytical method, this study examines Quranic teachings concerning the enhancement of women’s mental health and extracts effective strategies in this regard. The research findings indicate that the Holy Quran presents a multi-layered system comprising three levels of strategies: cognitive (such as belief in the dignity of women, the purposiveness of creation, and divine providence to reduce anxiety and enhance self-esteem), spiritual-devotional (such as remembrance of God, patience, and gratitude to foster resilience and well-being), and behavioral (such as affection, compassion, good companionship, and confidentiality to create emotional security and reduce conflict). The integration of these strategies, by establishing balance in familial relations, paves the way for sustaining mental health and improving the quality of life for women within the framework of the Islamic family.